In a large dutch oven or pot, melt butter over medium heat. Add garlic, panko bread crumbs, and a pinch of pepper. Toast the breadcrumbs for about 3 minutes, stirring frequently, until golden brown. Remove from the pot and set aside. Wipe any remaining crumbs out with a paper towel.
Raise the heat to medium high and add the olive oil. Pat the chicken dry with a paper towel to remove excess moisture. Once the pot is heated, add the chicken to the pan.
Sauté the chicken for 5 minutes, stirring occasionally. Add the onion, garlic, dried basil, oregano, and red pepper flakes (if using). Stir together and cook for an additional 3 minutes.
Add the dry pasta, marinara, and water to the pot. Stir together and cover the pot.
Bring the liquid to a boil, then reduce the heat to medium and cook covered for 6 minutes or half the amount of time the pasta package recommends. Make sure to stir occasionally to prevent scorching on the bottom of the pot.
After 6 minutes, take off the lid and remove the pot from the heat. The pasta will continue to cook as it sits and absorbs the liquid.
Once the pasta has sat for 5 minutes off the heat, stir in mozzarella, Parmesan, and fresh basil. Serve right away. Top each bowl with a generous sprinkle of the toasted garlic panko breadcrumb topping before serving for a delicious crunch.